Jack Nicholson - One of Americas Finest and Most Unusual Actors 1937-

If you get an impulse in a scene, no matter how wrong it seems, follow the impulse. It might be something and if it ain’t—Take Two!
—JACK NICHOLSON

Jack Nicholson has reigned
as one of America’s finest actors and one of its most unusual personalities for more than forty years. His antihero film roles and trademark “shark’s grin” smirk have earned him a unique spot in Hollywood.
Jack’s mother, June Nilson, was a promising dancer when she met a charismatic married man. They fell in love, but when June became pregnant, she was sent to live with cousins. Born John Joseph Nicholson on April 22, 1937, in New York City, Jack returned with his mother, June, to her hometown of Neptune, New Jersey. There Jack was raised by grandparents Ethel May and John Nicholson Sr. But Jack grew up believing that June was his older sister and Ethel May and John were his parents. Not until a Time magazine interviewer discovered otherwise in 1974 did a stunned Nicholson learn the truth.
John Sr., a window dresser and sign maker, often took the boy to movie theaters and treated him kindly. Unfortunately, he was an alcoholic and died in 1955.
Though never a strong student, Jack loved performing in theater productions at Manasquan High School. At seventeen he traveled to California to visit his half sister, Pamela Liddicoat, and decided to stay. He took odd jobs with MGM Studios, studied acting, and earned bit parts onstage and in TV shows such as Sea Hunt and Dr. Kildare.
Nicholson’s break came when director Roger Gorman capped him for the starring role in The Cry-Baby Killer. Next he played a masochistic dental patient in Little Shop of Horrors (1960) and Peter Lorre’s son in The Raven 11963). He appeared with the legendary Boris Karl off in The Terror (1963) and got his first screenwriting credit for Thunder Island. He spent some years laboring in a string of unsuccessful movies until he was cast as the replacement for Rip Torn in Easy Rider (1969).
Nicholson’s performance as a dropout lawyer transformed him into a top-shelf actor and earned him an Oscar nomination. After a minor role in On a Clear Day You Can See Forever (1970), he turned in a stellar performance in Five Easy Pieces: Nicholson’s famous “chicken salad sandwich” scene remains a classic. The performance brought him a Best Actor Oscar nomination. By the time he starred in Carnal Knowledge (1971), Jack Nicholson was a full-fledged star.
Amazingly, Nicholson next turned down an array of excellent roles. He refused the role of Michael Corleone in The Godfather (it went to Al Pacino); in 1973 he declined to.play Johnny Hooker in The Sting (Robert Redford landed the role). He also turned down roles in The Great Gatsby, Apocalypse Now, and Coming Home. The movies he did choose, however, were smash hits, including back-to-back Oscar-nominated performances in The Last Detail (1973) and Chinatown (1974). He won his first Oscar for the magnificently
defiant mental patient Randall Patrick McMurphy in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1975). Highly aware of the business side of Hollywood, he thanked Mary Pickford, an early actress and film innovator, for “being the first actor to get a [financial] percentage of her pictures.”
Nicholson’s star status freed him to take more daring projects. In 1975 he costarrcd with Warren Beatty in The Fortune, starred in the independent film The Passenger, and sang in the movie version of the rock opera Tommy. During the rest of the 1970s, however, his films were unremarkable. They included The Last Tycoon (1976) and Gain South (1978), which he also directed.
Nicholson returned full force in 1980 in an over-thc-top performance as Jack Torrance in The Shining (based on the Stephen King novel). Believing that the quality of the actors and directors in film projects are as important as the roles, Nicholson began choosing projects more carefully. He portrayed playwright Eugene O’Neill in Reds (1981) and in 1983 accepted a Best Supporting Actor Oscar for Terms of Endearment. Nicholson was not shy about taking credit for his choice. “When 1 read the part, [ knew I’d win the Oscar for It,” he later asserted.
Among Nicholson’s best performances was the moronic hit man in Prizzis Honor (1985), costarring Kathleen Turner and Anjelica Huston. Huston’s father, John, directed the film and gave Nicholson a bit of advice about his character: “Remember, he’s dumb.’” In heartburn (1986), he played a fictionalized version of Washington Post journalist Carl Bernstein, and in 1987 he earned another Oscar nomination as a barfly opposite Meryl Streep in Jronweed. Comic turns included The Witches ofEastwick (1987) and Batman (1989).
A longtime dream of Nicholson’s—to produce a sequel to Chinatown— came true in 1990, but The Two Jakes was a box-office failure. He bounced back, however, in an Oscar-nominated performance for A Few Good Men (1992). Nicholson took home a record $5 million for his supporting role and quipped that it was “one of the few times when it was money well spent.” In 1994 the American Film Institute honored him with a Life Achievement Award.
Critics noted that Nicholson had shifted away from what might be called roles that “make his feelings come through his skin.” Instead, he concentrated on films that focused on middle-aged characters coming to terms with advancing old age. Tn The Crossing Guard (1995), Nicholson played a jeweler mourning the death of his daughter, killed by a hit-and-run driver. He received his third Academy Award for playing an ornery, reclusive author who falls in love with a young waitress (Helen Hunt) in As Good As It Gets (1997). In 2002 he was a retired police officer determined to catch a serial killer in The Pledge. Upcoming films at the rime of writing include About Schmidt (2002) and Anger Management (2003).
Nicholson remains one of Hollywood’s most innovative actors. A consummate professional, he prefers not to “cash in” on his status. “A star on a movie set is like a time bomb,” he explains. “That bomb has got to be defused so people can approach it without fear.”
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