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Evolution of the Motion Picture
Our invention can be exploited for a certain time as a scientific curiosity, but apart from that, it has no commercial future whatsoever.
—AUGUSTE LllMIEKK

When Auguste and Louis Lumiere debuted the Cinematographe In a Paris cafe1 in 1895, they could not have imagined its historical impact. The design combined a camera, an image printer, and a projector to form the basis for what would become one of the most extravagantly glamorous businesses in modern times—the motion picture industry.
The Cinematographe was not the only machine of its kind. Enterprising technicians in the United States and Europe built machines patterned on American inventor Thomas Edison’s Kinetoscope, with a revolving shutter that allowed a single viewer to see sequential glimpses of moving images on celluloid film. The first Kinetoscope parlor opened on April 14, 1894, in New York City. The rows of Kinetoscope machines ran vaudeville performances, Wild West acts, and circus highlights. By year’s end, Kinetoscope parlors dotted the United States and Europe.
In 1902 Frenchman Georges Melies produced Le Voyage Dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon). Mclics introduced story lines, plots, scenes, and character development. He drew on his magician’s background to create photographic “tricks,” including hand-tinting film, adding “dissolves” and “wipes,” double exposures, and slow motion. American director Edwin S. Porter was the first to shoot scenes out of sequence and edit them into proper order in The Great Train Robbery (1903).
Studios sprang up to meet the demand for new pictures. The “capital” of American film creation shifted from New York to Los Angeles, and the Nestor Company was the first to establish itself in a section of the city called Hollywood. By 1912 movies were available in theaters.
In the 1920s the studio system was born. Twentieth Century Fox, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), Paramount, United Artists, Universal, and Warner Bros, were established. Studio owner-director Thomas H. Ince hired supervisors called “producers” to direct his films and introduced mass production by creating a rotation schedule for all films produced simultaneously. otion Picture Mtion Picture Moion Picture Moton Picture Motin Picture Motio Picture Motion icture Motion

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